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In recent years the ESP8266 has become one of my go-to choices for smart home/IoT devices or projects requiring WiFi. It is cheap (around $1.5 on Amazon)1, has WiFi, and can be programmed using the Arduino IDE, making it an easy replacement for Arduinos if we need WiFi connectivity.
While the ESP8266 can be used with the original AT firmware as a WiFi module for other microcontrollers like an Arduino, we will concentrate on writing our own replacement firmware in this post. Our firmware lets us replace the Arduino with an ESP module, simplifying programming and assembly and reducing cost.
Although the information in this article can be found in the ESP's datasheet, on several other sources online, or by measuring an ESP module, we want to mention the ESP8266 reference provided by Stefan Frings [1].
To make this long article more readable, we have split it in to multiple seperate posts.
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1: As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.